How many top quark lifetimes have there been in the history of the universe (i. e., what is the age of the universe divided by the lifetime of a top quark)

lol

explanation:

force required to detach it is given by

charges are taken to be fundamental charge

now we have

so above is the minimum distance at which it will detach

the answer is false. this is because for ice to melt, it requires latent heat of melting. latent heat means heat energy required to change phase without any increase in temperatures. therefore, the ice will take energy from the environment to melt hence atmospheric temperatures will reduce.