Physics: Find the components to write this vector notation. How do I solve this and what’s the answer, please?

The percent efficiency of a machine can never be 100% (or greater), because in the real world some energy is always converted into a. heat b. work c. input force d. output force

Who was the first scientist to measure speed as distance over time?

A4.0-cm tall light bulb is placed a distance of 32.0 cm from a concave mirror having a focal length of 16.0 cm. determine the image distance