A kingfisher bird that is perched on a branch a few feet above the water is viewed by a scuba diver submerged beneath the surface of the water directly below the bird. Does the bird appear to the diver to be closer to or farther from the surface than the actual bird

The bird appears farther

Explanation:

This is because as the light from the bird travels into the water which has a higher refractive index than air, light rays from the kingfisher bird bend towards the normal at the water surface and thus enter the eye of the scuba diver. Now, if we project the light rays from the eyes of the scuba diver into the air, we see that they appear to come from a point farther than that of the actual kingfisher bird perched on the branch.

So, the bird appears to the diver to be farther from the surface than the actual bird

can be answered using momentum.

momentum = p

p1= mass1 * velocity1

p1 = p2

therefore

p1 = 6kg * 4m/s

p1 = 24kgm/s

p2=m2 * v2

24 kgm/s = 7kg * v2

v2 = 24 kgm/s / 7kg

v2= 3.42 m/s

see earlier answer