For variables control, a circuit voltage will be measured using a sample of five circuits. The past average voltage for samples of 5 units has been 3.4 volts, and the range has been 1.3 volts. Required:
What would the upper and lower control limits be for the resulting control charts (average and range)?

Average :

UCL = 4.15

LCL = 2.65

Range :

UCL = 2.75

LCL = 0

Explanation:

Given :

Sample size, n = 5

Average, X = 3.4

Range, R = 1.3

A2 for n = 5 ; equals 0.577 ( X chart table)

For the average :

Upper Control Limit (UCL) :

X + A2*R

3.4 + 0.577(1.3) = 4.1501

Lower Control Limit (LCL) :

X - A2*R

3.4 - 0.577(1.3) = 2.6499

FOR the range :

Upper Control Limit (UCL) :

UCL = D4*R

D4 for n = 5 ; equals = 2.114

UCL = 2.114*1.3 = 2.7482

Lower Control Limit (LCL) :

LCL = D3*R

D3 for n = 5 ; equals = 0

LCL = 0 * 1.3 = 0

for this one it would be d bump/forearm pass

answer: electrons