Light incident on a polarizer is then passed through a second polarizer. if the polarizer and the analyzer are perpendicular to each other, what can you say about the light waves emerging from the second

The intensity of light emerging from the second polarizer is zero.

Explanation:

The angle between the axis of first polarizer and the second polarizer is 90°.

According to the law of Malus

where, be the intensity of incident light on first polarizer and I be the intensity of light emerging out from second polarizer.

The intensity of light emerging out from first polarizer is given by

the inetnsity of light emerging out from second polarizer is given by

Thus, no light waves are emerging out from the second polarizer.

it's when something is going so fast it makes a loud noise, breaking the sound barrier, for example: a jet makes a loud noise, not only cause of the jet but because they reached a point where they went so fast that you can year the noise from various parts, kinda like a police car, lets say the car was going   so fast that you hear the siren of the cop car right next to you, but the car is probably a mile a way, it's cos the siren was next to you a few seconds if you understand me