What force needs to touch something to affect it xx

How are the crust and the inner core alike? a) they are both solid. b) they both have the same temperature. c) they are both under the same pressure. d) they are both very close to the center of the earth.

Carbon is allowed to diffuse through a steel plate 15 mm thick. the concentrations of carbon at the two faces are 0.65 and 0.30 kg c/m^3 fe, which are maintained constant. if the preexponential and activation energy are 6.2 x 10-7 m2 /s and 80,000 j/mol, respectively, compute the temperature at which the diffusion flux is 1.43 x 10^-9 kg/m^2 -s.

For the car in the picture ,in which direction is the normal force? -into the screen -down -out of the screen -up