What is the primary reason that astronomers put telescopes and other instruments above earth's atmosphere?

the instruments can better view the universe without the distraction of electromagnetic rays emitted by the earth.

the instruments can get closer to the objects they are observing at the extreme ends of the universe.

the atmosphere blocks or absorbs uv, gamma, and x-rays emitted by processes taking place in the universe.

the atmosphere absorbs the infrared light coming in from the sun.

Unpolarized light of intensity so passes through two sheets of polarizing material whose transmission axes make an angle of 60∘ with each other as shown in the figure. what is the intensity of the transmitted beam, st?

Acylinder with a movable piston contains 11.7 moles of a monatomic ideal gas at a pressure of 1.32×10^5 pa. the gas is initially at a temperature of 300 k. an electric heater adds 43200 j of energy into the gas while the piston moves in such a way that the pressure remains constant. cp=20.79 j k^−1 mol^−1 for a monatomic ideal gas, and that the number of gas molecules is equal to avogadro's number (6.022×10^23) times the number of moles of the gas. (a) what is the temperature of the gas after the energy is added? (b) what is the change in volume of the gas? (c) how much work is done by the gas during this process?

Ne way in which elements differ from each other is the structure of the electron cloud in each element's atoms. in an electron cloud, an electron that is farther away from the nucleus has