Aconverging lens focuses a set of light rays entering the lens on one side parallel to its axis to a single focal point on the opposite side of the lens. if the principal rays emitted from a single point on an object all intersect at a single point after passing through a converging lens, then this intersection point in determining the location and size of a real image of the object. the most useful principal rays for converging lenses are the following:

1)The P ray is directed parallel to the axis of the lens. It emerges from the lens directed toward the focal point on the side of the lens opposite the object.

2) The M ray is directed toward the midpoint of the lens. It emerges from the lens unchanged in direction.

3) The F ray is directed toward the focal point on the same side of the lens as the object. It emerges from the lens directed parallel to the lens axis.

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