When you lift a book of the ground to your desk, what kind of work do you do, negative or positive?
by lifting the book what do you change?
does the book gain or loose energy? what kind of energy?

It would be kinetic energy. Let's say the book is weighs 10 Newtons you need to use a force of 10 Newtons to lift the book. In other words it's positive. As you move the book you're giving it energy. Namely potential energy which will turn to kinetic energy if you let it go. So you're changing it's position and energy.

Neptune is the eighth planet from the sun. it was the first planet to get its existence predicted by  mathematical calculations  before it was actually seen through a telescope on sept. 23, 1846. irregularities in the orbit of  uranus  led french astronomer alexis bouvard to suggest that the gravitational pull from another celestial body might be responsible. german astronomer johann galle then relied on subsequent calculations to   spot neptune via telescope. previously, astronomer galileo galilei sketched the planet, but he mistook it for a star due to its slow motion. in accordance with all the other planets seen in the sky, this new world was given a name from greek and roman mythology — neptune, the roman god of the sea.