Two small balls, a and b, attract each other gravitationally with a force of magnitude
f. if we now double both masses and the separation of the balls, what will now be the magnitude of the attractive force on each one?

Comedians like to joke that the reason we haven’t been visited by intelligent life from elsewhere in the universe is that aliens have been monitoring earth’s broadcasts of intellectually embarrassing tv programs, like gilligan’s island, fear factor, the jersey shore, and the jerry springer showand so consider us far too primitive to merit a visit. let’s check the assertion that aliens could have been receiving them. tv programs are broadcast at a frequency of about 100mhz with about 100kw of total power in 30frames per second, which emanatesroughly uniformly in all directions. assume that interstellar space transmits these broadcasts without attenuation. no matter how smart they are, aliens would require at least one photon per frame to interpret our signals. findthe number of photons per unit time per unit area reaching a receiver on a possible planet in the nearest star system, which is about 4 light-years away (a light-year is the distance light travels in a year). if aliens aimed a receiver or detector directly at earth, how big (in diameter) would it have to be to receive a photon per frame

Tall pacific coast redwood trees can reach heights of about 100 m. if air drag is negligibly small, how fast is a sequola cone moving when it reaches the ground f it dropped from the top of a 100 m tree?

In the first law of thermodynamics, triangle e=q-w, what does q stand for