Mike has installed a light bulb at the bottom of his water pool. At night, he turns on the light. He observes that the light produces a bright circle with a radius
of one meter on the water surface. The rest of the surface is completely dark.
The reason is that the rest of the light rays go under total internal reflection and
do not get out of the water. How deep is the pool? The refraction index of water
is n=1.3.

Acommon technique in analysis of scientific data is normalization. the purpose of normalizing data is to eliminate irrelevant constants that can obscure the salient features of the data. the goal of this experiment is to test the hypothesis that the flux of light decreases as the square of the distance from the source. in this case, the absolute value of the voltage measured by the photometer is irrelevant; only the relative value conveys useful information. suppose that in part 2.2.2 of the experiment, students obtain a signal value of 162 mv at a distance of 4 cm and a value of 86 mv at a distance of 5.7 cm. normalize the students' data to the value obtained at 4 cm. (divide the signal value by 162.) then calculate the theoretically expected (normalized) value at 5.7 cm.