How is the ionization energy, e, related to a group of elements?

a. e decreases from left to right.
b. e decreases from right to left.
c. e decreases from top to bottom.
d. e decreases from bottom to top.
how is the ionization energy, e, related to a group of elements?

a. e decreases from left to right.
b. e decreases from right to left.
c. e decreases from top to bottom.
d. e decreases from bottom to top.

Place several e-field sensors at a few points on different equipotential lines, and look at the relationship between the electric field and the equipotential lines. which statement is true? 1-at any point, the electric field is perpendicular to the equipotential line at that point, and it is directed toward lines of higher voltages. 2-at any point, the electric field is perpendicular to the equipotential line at that point, and it is directed toward lines of lower voltages. 3-at any point, the electric field is parallel to the equipotential line at that point.