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In a thunderstorm, charge builds up on the water droplets or ice crystals in a cloud. thus, the charge can be considered to be distributed uniformly throughout the cloud. for the purposes of this problem, take the cloud to be a sphere of diameter 1.00 kilometer. the point of this problem is to estimate the maximum amount of charge that this cloud can contain, assuming that the charge builds up until the electric field at the surface of the cloud reaches the value at which the surrounding air breaks down. this breakdown means that the air becomes highly ionized, enabling it to conduct the charge from the cloud to the ground or another nearby cloud. the ionized air will then emit light due to the recombination of the electrons and atoms to form excited molecules that radiate light. in addition, the large current will heat up the air, resulting in its rapid expansion. these two phenomena account for the appearance of lightning and the sound of thunder. take the breakdown electric field of air to be eb=3.00ă—106n/c. part a estimate the total charge q on the cloud when the breakdown of the surrounding air is reached. express your answer numerically, to three significant figures, using ďµ0=8.85ă—10â’12c2/(nâ‹…m2) .

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Need asap which of these is an example of a hypothesis? (2 points) a. adults were not interviewed b. the investigation was time consuming c. the source of information was biased d. very few teenagers were interviewed scientists in different parts of the world have conducted experiments to find the speed of light in vacuum. if the results of the experiments are identical, they would most likely be (2 points) a. valid b. biased c. unreliable d. non-observable which of these questions can be answered using science? (2 points) a. what is the best career? b. does water exist on venus? c. should the use of automobiles be stopped? d. which is the most interesting subject to study? the models can be best used to (2 points) recreate something which is easily observed in nature prove that all atomic theories have the same meaning demonstrate the transformation of atomic theory into law represent the locations of subatomic particles in different atomic theories 22. (bws.06) scientists earlier believed that the lowest measurable temperature is the freezing point of ice. however, modern scientists believe that temperatures below the freezing point of ice can also exist. what best accounts for these different opinions? (2 points) scientists propose contradictory ideas to include all possibilities scientists come up with different hypotheses without enough evidence scientists propose different ideas to avoid repetition of scientific knowledge scientists having different interests may interpret the same data in different ways based on the graph, what is the most likely mass of an apple chosen randomly from the basket? (2 points) between 0.10 kg and 0.12 kg between 0.12 kg and 0.14 kg between 0.14 kg and 0.16 kg between 0.16 kg and 0.18 kg a scientist studies a model of a widely accepted theory about the position of planets and sun. the model would most likely the scientist to (2 points) prove that the theory would not change in the future demonstrate how the theory can be changed into a law understand facts which cannot be easily observed prove that all other facts about the universe are incorrect one scientist discovered a new theory on the evolution of the universe. what is the next step for the scientist to take? (2 points) transform the results of the theory into universal laws of nature inform the scientific community so they can verify the results call a press conference to make the discovery popular among people encourage scientists worldwide to find an appropriate application for the results the students' observations are listed below. when an iron nail is taken near the north pole (n) of the bar magnet, it is pulled towards the magnet. when an iron nail is taken near the south pole (s) of the bar magnet, it is pulled towards the magnet. the experiment was repeated by several students using different bar magnets. based on the investigations, which of these theories would the students most likely propose? (2 points) magnets attract iron nails the poles of a magnet attract all materials iron nails are attracted towards all materials iron nails have the same properties as magnets