What is the amount of thermal energy needed to make 5 kg of ice at - 10 °C to steam at 100 °C? (Heat of fusion of Ice is 3.34 x 10 j/kg, specific heat capacity of
ice is 2.09 x 10 3 J/kg °C, Specific heat capacity of water is 4.186 x 10 ? J/kg° C,
Heat of vaporization of water 2.26 x 10 J/kg)

The amount of thermal energy needed is 15167500 joules.

Explanation:

By First Law of Thermodynamics, we see that amount of thermal energy (), in joules, is equal to the change in internal energy. From statement we understand that change in internal energy consisting in two latent components (, ), in joules, and two sensible component (), in joules, that is:

(1)

By definitions of Sensible and Latent Heat, we expanded the formula:

(2)

Where:

- Mass, in kilograms.

- Latent heat of fussion of water, in joules per kilogram.

- Latent heat of vaporization of water, in joules per kilogram.

- Specific heat of ice, in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius.

- Specific heat of water, in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius.

- Change in temperature of ice, measured in degrees Celsius.

- Change in temperature of water, measured in degrees Celsius.

If we know that , , , , , and , then the amount of thermal energy is:

The amount of thermal energy needed is 15167500 joules.

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