A 0.150 kg bullet is fired at 715 m/s into a 2-kg wooden block at rest. The velocity of block afterward is 40 m/s. The bullet
passes through the block and emerges with what velocity?

Since the pully is a simple machine so the mechanical advantage is a 1

If the heat engine is a perfect carnot cycle engine, thenefficiency = (t2-t1)/t2   where t1=temperature of cold reservoir ( ° k) = 135            t2=temperature of hot reservoir ( ° k)   = 325thereforeefficiency = (t2-t1)/t2 = (325-135)/325 = 0.5846 = 58%  note: this is the theoretical maximum efficiency of a perfect heat engine.   real-life engines do not achieve this value.