Ellie is shooting a free throw. At the instant the ball leaves her hand the ball is traveling at a velocity of 9 m/sec, at an angle above the horizontal of 29.5 degrees. If you are standing beneath the basketball rim, videotaping, you can only see the vertical motion of the ball, since its horizontal motion is straight towards you. What is the magnitude of the ball's initial vertical velocity (if you measured it using your video data, in m/sec)

Vy = 4.43 m/s

Explanation:

given data

velocity = 9 m/sec

angle horizontal = 29.5 degrees

solution

we get here ball initial vertical velocity will be here

Vy = v sinθ       1

put here value and we get

Vy = 9 × sin(29.5 )  

Vy = 4.43 m/s

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.