Two carts of masses of 5.0 kilograms and 1.0 kilogram are pushed apart by a compressed spring. If the 5.0-kilogram cart moves westward at 2.0 meters per second, the magnitude of the velocity of the 1.0-kilogram cart will be

The magnitude of the velocity of the 1.0-kilogram cart will be 10 m/s Eastward direction.

Explanation:

Given;

mass of the first cart, m₁ = 5.0 kg

mass of the second cart, m₂ = 1.0 kg

velocity of the first cart, v₁ = 2 m/s

velocity of second cart, v₂ = ?

Apply the principle of conservation of linear momentum;

m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = 0

m₁v₁ = -m₂v₂

(5 x 2) = -(1 x v₂)

10 = -v₂

v₂ = - 10 m/s (the negative sign indicates Eastward direction)

Therefore, the magnitude of the velocity of the 1.0-kilogram cart will be 10 m/s Eastward direction.  

freezing

deposition

condensation

explanation;

melting also called fusion is the process where solid becomes liquid, sublimation is the process where solid becomes gaseous without first changing to liquid, deposition involves change from gaseous to solid state, freezing involves change from liquid to solid, boiling or evaporation involves change of liquid to gaseous state, while condensation is the change from gaseous state to liquid state.

endothermic reactions involves absorption of heat from the surroundings or the environment while exothermic reactions involves loss of heat energy to the surroundings.

in this case, sublimation, evaporation and melting are endothermic reactions (gain energy from the environment) while, freezing, deposition and condensation are exothermic (loss of energy to the surroundings) reactions.

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