A projectile is fired horizontally off the top of a cliff with an initial velocity of 30 M/S. It hits the ground after two seconds. What is the initial X component of velocity when the projectile is initially fired? What is the initial y component of the velocity?

Initial x component of velocity: 30m/s

Initial y component of velocity: 0m/s

Explanation:

First, draw a diagram of a cliff and the object falling off the cliff as well as the initial velocity listed and the object at the bottom of the cliff with time. The object is fired horizontally, thus the initial velocity in this case 30m/s equals the horizontal initial velocity, there is no initial vertical velocity.

If the object hits the ground in 2 seconds since horizontal velocity is not affected by any other forces it will move at constant speed horizontally. However, vertically there is a gravitational force acting on the projectile converted from the potential energy of it's height. we know the gravitational constant g=-9.8m/s^2, and we can use the kinematic equation Δy=v0(t)+1/2at^2 to find the Δy(change in height of the projectile), as v0y=0, Δy=1/2at^2, a=9.8m/s^2 and t=2 seconds

thus Δy=19.6m≈20m

hope this helped

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