In science, an (blank) is created to test a (blank). In order to make the experiment valid, a scientist should only alter one (blank). The variable that a scientist changes is called the (blank) variable. For example, in a experiment where the effect of light on plant growth is tested, the amount of (blank) would be the independent variable. During the experiment, the (blank) variable might cause a change in another aspect of the experiment. This would be the (blank) variable. In the experiment where the effect of light on plant growth is tested, the amount of (blank) would be the dependent variable. The answers are: (growth, dependent, experiment, independent, independent, light, variable, hypothesis)

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.

365.25 earth days are in the year of a light year

the answer is 100. i just did this lesson and got a 100% on it. : )

-fishtank