If forces acting on an object are unbalanced, which factor may result from an unbalanced force?

Charge is distributed along the entire x-axis with uniform density λ. how much work does the electric field of this charge distribution do on an electron that moves along the y-axis from y = a to y = b? (use the following as necessary: a, b, ε0, λ, and q for the charge on an electron.)

Students in an introductory physics lab are performing an experiment with a parallel-plate capacitor made of two circular aluminum plates, each 11 cm in diameter, separated by 1.0 cm. how much charge can be added to each of the plates before a spark jumps between the two plates? for such flat electrodes, assume that value of 3×106n/c of the field causes a spark.

In addition to gravity, what is the other predominant force that affects the motion of a pendulum?