If the internal energy of a thermodynamic system is increased by 300j while 75j of expansion work is
how much heat was transferred and in which direction to or from the system?

Now you can plug those in and solve for your heat. The sign on your heat represents which direction it flowed. Positive means the internal energy rose, so the heat was transferred to the system, negative means it left the system, so energy left the system by heat if that was the case.

300=q-75

Exothermic and endothermic just indicate whether or not heat is leaving or entering the system. So in this case, since q ends up being 375, which is positive, we know that it's endothermic since it absorbed heat.

conduction, convection, radiation

the aurora is formed when charged particles emitted from the sun during a solar flare penetrate the earth's magnetic shield and collide with atoms and molecules in our atmosphere. these collisions result in countless little bursts of light, called photons, which make up the aurora.

auroras are generated by charged solar particles hitting molecules in earth's atmosphere. this usually happens in high latitudes, because our planet’s magnetic field tends to funnel these particles toward the poles. that’s why it can be experienced in northern ohio.