The process of thinking that involves considering an overall general idea or theory and drawing specific conclusions or making specific predictions is called .

Deductive reasoning

The process of using pre-existing knowledge to make logical conclusions, make predictions and draw out explanations is called reasoning. Reasoning are basically of two types:

i. Deductive reasoning: This takes a general rule, idea, or theory as foundation and then proceeds from there to draw meaningful conclusions or predictions. For example;

             If a = 3                (i)

             And b = 5           (ii)

             Then 2a + 4b = 26 (iii)

From above, following from equations (i) and (ii), it can be concluded that (iii) should be true.

ii. Inductive reasoning: While deductive reasoning moves from a general rule to specific rule, inductive reasoning does the opposite - moves from specific to a general rule.

there are no correct statementd on the list of choices you provided.