A 10 kg cart with a momentum of 10 kg• m/s hits a 20 kg cart at rest. Momentum is calculated by using
the formula p = mv, where m is the mass of an object and vis the velocity of an object.

Change in momentum formula

The change in momentum resulting from an external force is called the impulse (I=mv-mvo) and is related to the force applied through the Impulse-Momentum Theorem: I = F tc = mv - mvo . Here F is the external force applied and tc is the amount of time the force is in contact with the object.

what is the speed of a softball that travels 20m in 2secs

speed = 20/2 = 10 m/s

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.