Do electromagnetic waves need a medium to travel through, like mechanical waves do? Explain why or why not

The percent efficiency of a machine can never be 100% (or greater), because in the real world some energy is always converted into a. heat b. work c. input force d. output force

Point charges q1 = 51 µc and q2 = −27 µc are placed 1.0 m apart, with q2 on the right. what is the force (in n) on a third charge q3 = 19 µc placed midway between q1 and q2? (assume the positive direction is to the right. indicate the direction with the sign of your answer.)

Antireflective coatings on solar cells are often made by applying a thin film of silicon nitride (sinx), which has an index of refractive of 1.2, on the top of the silicon solar cell, which has a refractive index of about 3.5. however, the sun emits radiation of various wavelengths which the solar cell absorbs, and the antireflective coating can only absolutely minimize the reflection of one of these wavelengths. the coating thickness is chosen to reduce the reflection of green/yellow light (e = 2.2 ev), which is the most intense color in the solar spectrum (shown below). which of the following coatings would minimize reflection of green/yellow light? the answer is 820 nm how? what is the angular width of the central maximum of an electron traveling at 2 x 108 m/s going through a single slit of width 1 mm.