In solving for the magnitude of the electric field E⃗(z) produced by a sheet charge with charge density σ, use the planar symmetry since the charge distribution doesn't change if you slide it in any direction of xy plane parallel to the sheet. Therefore at each point, the electric field is perpendicular to the sheet and must have the same magnitude at any given distance on either side of the sheet. To take advantage of these symmetry properties, use a Gaussian surface in the shape of a cylinder with its axis perpendicular to the sheet of charge, with ends of area A which will cancel out of the expression for E(z) in the end. The result of applying Gauss's law to this situation then gives an expression for E(z) for both z>0 and z<0. (Figure 3) Express E(z) for z>0 in terms of some or all of the variables/constants σ, z, and ϵ0.

Check the explanation

Explanation:

Let the charge sheet passes through the middle of the cylinder’s length (which is the distance around the end circles), along z-axis, so the cylinder is perpendicular to the surface. Hence the flux through each end will be.....

kindly check the attached image to see the full explanation to the above question.

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.