What is the outermost layer of a kidney?

renal capsule membrane

Explanation:

Left: Each kidney is comprised of three layers encapsulated by a fibrous outer layer called the renal capsule membrane. The three kidney layers include the peripheral layer, called the cortex, and the inner layer, called the medulla, which is subdivided into the inner and outer medulla.

c) up is the direction the magnetic force is acting on the charge.

answer

procedural programming, object-oriented programming

explanation

procedural programming is a type of computer programming language that specifies a series of well structured steps and procedures   within its development period of time. it contains a systematic order of statements, functions and commands to complete a computational task or program. it is centered on creating procedures. while object oriented programming is a programming language that is centered on creating objects rather that actions and data rather than logic.. it has four principles which are inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction and encapsulation