The exosphere is the layer of the atmosphere
a. that absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
b. closest to the earth's surface.
c. where gas molecules can be exchanged between earth's atmosphere and outer space.
d. where air temperature stops increasing with altitude and starts decreasing.

In a thunderstorm, charge builds up on the water droplets or ice crystals in a cloud. thus, the charge can be considered to be distributed uniformly throughout the cloud. for the purposes of this problem, take the cloud to be a sphere of diameter 1.00 kilometer. the point of this problem is to estimate the maximum amount of charge that this cloud can contain, assuming that the charge builds up until the electric field at the surface of the cloud reaches the value at which the surrounding air breaks down. this breakdown means that the air becomes highly ionized, enabling it to conduct the charge from the cloud to the ground or another nearby cloud. the ionized air will then emit light due to the recombination of the electrons and atoms to form excited molecules that radiate light. in addition, the large current will heat up the air, resulting in its rapid expansion. these two phenomena account for the appearance of lightning and the sound of thunder. take the breakdown electric field of air to be eb=3.00ă—106n/c. part a estimate the total charge q on the cloud when the breakdown of the surrounding air is reached. express your answer numerically, to three significant figures, using ďµ0=8.85ă—10â’12c2/(nâ‹…m2) .

Will give brainliest! which statement best describes the similarities between fundamental forces? electromagnetic and strong nuclear forces influence the interaction between charged particles within an atom. gravitational and magnetic forces are both types of charges that occur in nature. nuclear and magnetic forces are both related to mass and weight. strong nuclear force is most like electrical force because they are both related to distance.

What is the rate of change in a objects position?