4. How far apart are a proton and electron if they exert an attractive force of 3 N on one another?

Explanation:

The magnitude of the electrostatic force between two charges is given by the equation:

where:

is the Coulomb's constant

are the two charges

r is the separation between the two charges

And the force is:

- Attractive if the charges have opposite sign

- Repulsive if the charges have same sign

In this problem, we have:

F = 3 N is the force between the proton and the electron

is the magnitude of the charge of the proton and the electron

Therefore, solving for r, we find the separation between the two particles:

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