Find the angle of incidence at which a light beam traveling from a medium having the index of refraction n1 = 2.7 to another medium having the index of refraction n2 = 1.6 suffers a total internal reflection.

Asheet of steel 1.5 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200oc and is permitted to achieve a steady-state diffusion condition. the diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 6 x 10- 11 m2 /s, and the diffusion flux is found to be 1.2 x 10-7 kg/m2 -s. also, it is known that the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high-pressure surface is 4 kg/m3 . how far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will the concentration be 2.0 kg/m3 ? assume a linear concentration profile.

Explain why you think this diagram shows what happened to the carbon in the biodome.

When measuring volume, why is it important to use the correct tools and units to attain the greatest accuracy? use specific examples from the lab to support your answer. (5 points)