8. Calculate the overall rate of metabolic flux between B and C and the direction of the flux when each case below is true (consider each case independently): a. An inhibitor is used that reduces the activity of E1 by 10% b. An inhibitor is used that reduces the activity of E2 by 10% c. The activity of E2 is doubled.

a1) Direction is from B to C

a2) Rate of activity = 10pmol/10⁶ cells

b1) Activity rate = 45 pmol of C created/10⁶ cells

b2)  Activity rate=  44 pmol of B created/ 10⁶ of cells

b3) Activity rate = 80 pmol of B created/ 10⁶ of cells

Explanation:

a) E1 = 50 pmol of C

E2 = 40 pmol of B

Since E1 is greater than E2, the direction is from B to C

Rate of activity: 50pmol/10⁶ cells[B] - 40pmol/10⁶[C]

Rate of activity = 10pmol/10⁶ cells

b1) Activity of E1 reduced by 10%

Activity rate= 50 - 10% of 50

Activity rate= 50 -5

Activity rate = 45 pmol of C created/10⁶ cells

b2) Activity of E2 increased by 10%

Activity rate = E2 + 10% of E2

Activity rate= 40 + 10% of 40

Activity rate= 40 + 4

Activity rate=  44 pmol of B created/ 10⁶ of cells

b3) The activity of E2 is doubled

Activity rate = 2 * E2

 Activity rate = 2 * 40

 Activity rate = 80 pmol of B created/ 10⁶ of cells

the order for strong to weak forces such as

strong nuclear force → electromegnetic force → weak nuclear force → gravitational force

the fundamental forces are those forces that act between to objects or element to make interactions. there are four types of fundamental forces such as strong and weak nuclear forces (due to protons and electrons), electromagnetic force (due to the motion of electrons) and gravitational force (due to orbital movement of the planet). if these forces are arranged on the basis of their maximum strength then the order is

strong nuclear force → electromegnetic force → weak nuclear force → gravitational force