A violin string is 45.0 cm long and has a mass of 0.242 g. When tightened on the neck of the violin, the distance between the pin and fret is 42.5 cm. If the string is tightened to play a 'Concert A' of 440. Hz as its fundamental/ first harmonic, what is the tension in the violin string

The tension is 75.22 Newtons

Explanation:

The velocity of a wave on a rope is:

(1)

With T the tension, L the length of the string and M its mass.

Another more general expression for the velocity of a wave is the product of the wavelength (λ) and the frequency (f) of the wave:

(2)

We can equate expression (1) and (2):

=

Solving for T

(3)

For this expression we already know M, f, and L. And indirectly we already know λ too. On a string fixed at its extremes we have standing waves ant the equation of the wavelength in function the number of the harmonic is:

It's is important to note that in our case L the length of the string is different from l the distance between the pin and fret to produce a Concert A, so for the first harmonic:

We can now find T on (3) using all the values we have: