A real power supply can be modeled as an ideal EMF of 60 Volts in series with an internal resistance. The voltage across the terminals is 40 Volts when the current is 4 Amps. What is the internal resistance?

5 ohms

Explanation:

Given:

EMF of the ideal battery (E) = 60 V

Voltage across the terminals of the battery (V) = 40 V

Current across the terminals (I) = 4 A

Let the internal resistance be 'r'.

Now, we know that, the voltage drop in the battery is given as:

Therefore, the voltage across the terminals of the battery is given as:

Now, rewriting in terms of 'r', we get:

Plug in the given values and solve for 'r'. This gives,

Therefore, the internal resistance of the battery is 5 ohms.

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