Suppose that the rod in Fig. 17.24a is made of copper, is 45.0 cm long, and has a cross-sectional area of 1.25 cm2. Let TH = 100.0°C and TC = 0.0°C. (a) What is the final steady-state temperature gradient along the rod? (b) What is the heat current in the rod in the final steady state? (c) What is the final steady-state temperature at a point in the rod 12.0 cm from its left end?

a) 222k/m

b) 42.5W

c) if cold: 26.7C

If hot: 73.3C

Explanation:

 If TH and TC are at the ends of the rod in the figure, then;

(A) 100 K / 45 cm = 2.22 K/cm or 222 K/m

(B) thermal conductivity constant for copper is 390 W/(m K).

Then the heat flow rate = Q/t

Q/t = [390 W/(m K)] (100 K) [ pi (0.0125 m)^2 ] / (0.45 m) 

= 42.5 watts

(C) 12/45 = 4/15 = 0.2667

If the left end is the cold end, the answer will be 26.7 C

If the left end is the hot end, the answer will be 73.3 C

the answer is neither ball has a charge.

because if they were both positively charged, they will repel each other.

if they were positively and negatively charged, they will seek.