A) A piston expands against an external pressure of 2.35 atmospheres (atm). If the initial volume is 0.455 L and the final volume is 1.318 L, then how much work (in J) is done? Assume adiabatic conditions.

-205.49Joules

Explanation:

An adiabatic condition means no heat is gain or loss by the system during process.

The formula for calculating work done on the piston under adiabatic condition is W= -P∆V where;

W is the work done on the piston

P is the external pressure = 2.35atm

Since 1atm = 101,325pascal

2.35atm = 2.35×101325

= 238113.75Pascal

∆V is the change in volume = final volume - initial volume = 1.318L - 0.455L = 0.863L

If 1litre = 0.001m³

0.863litre = 0.000863m³

Substituting this values in the formula for calculating work done we will have;

Work done = -238113.7(0.000863)

Work done = -205.49Joules

The work done is negative because they assume the system is adiabatic i.e work is done on the surroundings by the system.

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weight of the box is given as

here this is placed on the inclined of angle 42 degree

now this weight will have two components one is along the incline other is perpendicular to it

so here we need to apply a force parallel to incline opposite to its component of weight

so here the component of weight is given as

here we have

so it requires 75 n force to move it upwards