How much fainter is a twelfth magnitude star then a 8 magnitude star

In order of decreasing light-transmitting capabilities of materials, which is the correct sequence? a. transparent -> translucent -> opaque b. opaque -> transparent -> translucent c. opaque -> translucent -> transparent d. translucent -> transparent -> opaque

The mass of the sun is 1.99×1030kg and its distance to the earth is 1.50×1011m. what is the gravitational force of the sun on the earth?

Which of the following is not a transverse wave? a) soundb) lightc) radiod) all of thesee) none of these