A jet plane manages to go forward by sucking in
through the
and shooting it out again at the back. (Note: one word for each field)

QUESTION 3

In terms of the action-reaction law, what is the reason why firemen have difficulty holding on to the nozzle of a fire
hose when water is gushing out at high speeds?
The hose's material contracts (action) resulting in a recoil (reaction)
It is an electrically regulated jolt (action) as a build-in feature for safety purposes, so that firemen recoil back
(reaction) from potential flares
The force by which the water is shot out (action) results in an equal counter-force by the water (reaction)
The water hitting on a heavy object or surface (action) results in a counterforce from the object or surface
conducted through the water to the firemen (reaction)
The push-back is only a perceptional effect from the stress which the firemen experience
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sucking in air through the turbine.

Explanation:

When an airplane turbine operates, it sucks air through it, compresses the air, causes its pressure to increase in the same way as its temperature and ejects it at high speed through the nozzle-shaped output, creating a high output speed and push force capable of moving the plane horizontally.

Vehicles of the fire department are equipped with water pumps of high pressure, in such a way that, when operating, send a flow of water with high pressure and speed through the hose, this force output of the water is sometimes much greater than the force with which the fireman holds the hose, and hence the difficulty to maneuver the hose.

Now when the fireman points the hose with the water at high pressure and speed coming out of it, into a wall close enough. The Fireman will experience newton's third law in all its splendor, which says that every force of action leads to a reaction, so that the reaction could hurt the fireman operating the hose.

mass and volume are the answers you are looking for

the temperature in kelvin of 2.0 dm3 of an ideal gas is doubled and its pressure is increased by a factor of four. what is the final volume of the gas