Mechanics sometimes put a length of pipe over the handle of a wrench when trying to remove a very tight bolt. how does this make it easier for the mechanic to remove the bolt?

Torque =  force * distance

it is easier remove when the wrench is move in anticlockwise direction to loosen it.

Explanation:

putting a length of pipe over the handle of a wrench when trying to remove a very tight bolt means additional force is needed to be applied to the bolt to make it losen.

Applying pipe increase the force applied which increases the distance to applied the force and consequently increase the torque.

mostly, most bolt are tighten in a clockwise direction, therefore to loose then, the wrench will move on a anti clockwise direction.

freezing

deposition

condensation

explanation;

melting also called fusion is the process where solid becomes liquid, sublimation is the process where solid becomes gaseous without first changing to liquid, deposition involves change from gaseous to solid state, freezing involves change from liquid to solid, boiling or evaporation involves change of liquid to gaseous state, while condensation is the change from gaseous state to liquid state.

endothermic reactions involves absorption of heat from the surroundings or the environment while exothermic reactions involves loss of heat energy to the surroundings.

in this case, sublimation, evaporation and melting are endothermic reactions (gain energy from the environment) while, freezing, deposition and condensation are exothermic (loss of energy to the surroundings) reactions.

with the invention of the automobile, the woman of the house could drive to the store and get groceries. women were also free to socialize more. during world war ii women were allowed to work in factories to the war effort and could drive to work or ride mass transit buses to their jobs.