How can pyroclastic clouds and lahars affect the environment?

The pyroclastic clouds are formed during the time of the volcanic eruption and this cloud is comprised of a large number of harmful gases such as SO₂, CO, H₂S, CO₂ and H₂O (water vapor). These gases are then mixed with the atmosphere causing air pollution. Excessive emission of gases leads to the formation of large clouds that do not allow the sunlight to penetrate and reach the surface.

The lahars are also formed during the time of volcanic eruptions, that flows down along the slope of the mountains. As it flows down it melts the snow and also burns up the usable land areas and deposits the volcanic sediments, thereby degrading the soil fertility.

freezing

deposition

condensation

explanation;

melting also called fusion is the process where solid becomes liquid, sublimation is the process where solid becomes gaseous without first changing to liquid, deposition involves change from gaseous to solid state, freezing involves change from liquid to solid, boiling or evaporation involves change of liquid to gaseous state, while condensation is the change from gaseous state to liquid state.

endothermic reactions involves absorption of heat from the surroundings or the environment while exothermic reactions involves loss of heat energy to the surroundings.

in this case, sublimation, evaporation and melting are endothermic reactions (gain energy from the environment) while, freezing, deposition and condensation are exothermic (loss of energy to the surroundings) reactions.

find the surface area of the sphere to the nearest square unit. use a calculator.

a. 254 in.2

b. 64 in.2

c. 127 in.2

d. 1,018 in.2