A0.02kg dart is loaded into a toy spring gun by compressing the spring 6cm. if the spring has a constant of 20 n/m, find… a. the work needed to compress the spring. (0.036 j) b. the total energy stored in the compressed spring. (0.036 j) c. the kinetic energy of the dart as it leaves the gun. (0.036 j) d. the speed of the dart as it leaves the gun. (1.90 m/s) e. the height the dart would go if shot straight up. (0.18 m)

a) 0.036 J b) 0.036J c) 0.036 d) 1.9m/s e) 0.18 m

Explanation:

Mass of the dart = 0.02kg, the spring was compressed to 6cm

Work needed to compress the spring = 1/2*k*x ^2 where k is the force constant of the spring in N/m, x is the distance it was compressed in m

Work needed to compress the spring = 0.5 * 20* 0.06^2 since 6cm = 6 / 100 = 0.06 m

Work needed to compress the spring = 0.036J

b) the total energy stored in the spring = the work done to compress the spring = 0.036J

c) kinetic energy of the dart as it leaves the the spring = elastic potential energy stored in the spring = the work done in compressing the = 0.036J using the law of conservation of energy; energy is neither created nor destroyed but transformed from one form to another.

d) 1/2mv^2 = 0.036

mv^2 = 0.036*2

v^2 = 0.036*2 / 0.02 = 3.6

v = √3.6 = 1.897 approx 1.9m/s

e) kinetic energy of the dart = work done against gravity to get the body to height h

Work done against gravity = potential energy conserved at height = -mgh g is negative because the motion is upward while gravity acts downward

0.036 = 0.02 * 9.81 * h

0.036 / ( 0.02*9.81) = h

h = 0.18 m

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