1. the was used to find a jupiter-sized planet through careful measurements of the changing position of a star in the sky.2. discovering planets through the requires obtaining and studying many spectra of the same star.3. successfully discovered thousands of extrasolar planets with a spacecraft that searched for transits among some 100,000 stars.4. the is used to find extrasolar planets by carefully monitoring changes in a star's brightness with time.5. compared to the planets of our solar system, the composition of a most resembles the compositions of uranus and neptune.6. observations indicating that other planetary systems often have jovian planets orbiting close to their stars are best explained by what we . an extrasolar planet that is rocky and larger than earth is often called

(1) The astrometric method was used to find a Jupiter-sized planet through careful measurements of the changing position of a star in the sky.

(2) Discovering planets through the doppler method requires obtaining and studying many spectra of the same star.

(3) Thekepler mission successfully discovered thousands of extrasolar planets with a spacecraft that searched for transits among some 100,000 stars.

(4) The ___transit method is used to find extrasolar planets by carefully monitoring changes in a star's brightness with time.

(5) Compared to the planets of our solar system, the composition of a water world most resembles the compositions of Uranus and Neptune.

(6) Observations indicating that other planetary systems often have jovian planets orbiting close to their stars are best explained by what we call__migration .

(7) An extrasolar planet that is rocky and larger than Earth is often called a__super-Earth ___.

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.