When is an element most likely to be unreactive?
when it loses all of its valence electrons
when its valence shell is completely full
when its electrons move to higher energy levels
when it shares all of its valence electrons

Comedians like to joke that the reason we haven’t been visited by intelligent life from elsewhere in the universe is that aliens have been monitoring earth’s broadcasts of intellectually embarrassing tv programs, like gilligan’s island, fear factor, the jersey shore, and the jerry springer showand so consider us far too primitive to merit a visit. let’s check the assertion that aliens could have been receiving them. tv programs are broadcast at a frequency of about 100mhz with about 100kw of total power in 30frames per second, which emanatesroughly uniformly in all directions. assume that interstellar space transmits these broadcasts without attenuation. no matter how smart they are, aliens would require at least one photon per frame to interpret our signals. findthe number of photons per unit time per unit area reaching a receiver on a possible planet in the nearest star system, which is about 4 light-years away (a light-year is the distance light travels in a year). if aliens aimed a receiver or detector directly at earth, how big (in diameter) would it have to be to receive a photon per frame

What is required for an electric charge to flow through a wire? zero resistance in the wire a balance of electric potential high resistance in the wire a difference in electric potential

**urgent** roberto plans to use two transformers to reduce a voltage of 120 v to 4 v. he uses a transformer that has 300 coils in the primary winding and 50 coils in the secondary winding. he has four other transformers, as listed in the table. which transformer should roberto use to have an ending voltage of 4 v? a- w b-xc- yd- z