How is heat transfer involved in the movement of tectonic plates?

Scientists use laser range-finding to measure the distance to the moon with great accuracy. a brief laser pulse is fired at the moon, then the time interval is measured until the "echo" is seen by a telescope. a laser beam spreads out as it travels because it diffracts through a circular exit as it leaves the laser. in order for the reflected light to be bright enough to detect, the laser spot on the moon must be no more than 1.0 km in diameter. staying within this diameter is accomplished by using a special large-diameter laser. part a if λ = 540nm , what is the minimum diameter of the circular opening from which the laser beam emerges? the earth-moon distance is 384,000 km. express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.

5g of ammonium nitrate was dissolved in 60g of water in an insulated container. the temperature at the start of the reaction was 23.0°c and at the end it was 19.0°c. calculate the energy absorbed by the reaction.

In a heat engine if 1000 j of heat enters the system the piston does 500 j of work, what is the final internal energy of the system if the initial energy was 2000 j? 1. write the equation 2.list out your known variables 3.plug the numbers into the equations 4.solve 5.write your solution statement that includes initial energy and final