Many biological systems are well-described by the laws of statistical physics. a simple yet often powerful approach is to think of a system as having only two states. for example, an ion channel may be open or closed. in this problem, consider a simple model of membrane channels for ions: the system is described by a boltzmann distribution with only two states, with energies ε1 (open) and ε2 (closed). assume the "open" state is the state of higher energy, so that ε1 > ε2.

1.)the isotope cobalt-60 has a nuclear mass of 59.933820 u calculate the mass defect of cobalt-60 using the following information. mass of proton: 1.007825 u mass of neutron: 1.008665 u 1 u = 931.5 mev 2.)the isotope cobalt-60 has a nuclear mass of 59.933820 u calculate the binding energy of cobalt-60 using the following information. mass of proton: 1.007825 u mass of neutron: 1.008665 u 1 u = 931.5 mev 3.)the isotope cobalt-60 has a nuclear mass of 59.933820 u calculate the binding energy per nucleon of cobalt-60 using the following information. mass of proton: 1.007825 u mass of neutron: 1.008665 u 1 u = 931.5 mev

What is the weight of a 8-kg substance in n, kn, kg·m/s2, kgf, lbm·ft/s2, and lbf?

Alandscaper is shopping for landscaping materials. she wants to use materials through which water flows easily. which materials should she choose? check all that apply. clay gravel granite rocks with cracks loosely packed soil