From the standpoint of entropy, consider the following processes: water boiling, mixing cola and root beer sodas, and assembling a house of cards. based on your understanding, which of the following statements is true?
a. water boiling is a favorable process, but mixing cola and root beer sodas and assembling a house of cards are not.
b. water boiling and mixing cola and root beer sodas are favorable processes, but assembling a house of cards is not.
c. water boiling and mixing cola and root beer sodas are not favorable processes, but assembling a house of cards is.
d. all of the listed processes are favorable.

This is what a calorimeter is used for simpler ex, to measure calories in food.

There was no intial y-momentum so the net final y-momentum must also be 0. they can have final velocities in the y-direction

Stars are born within the clouds of dust and scattered throughout most galaxies. a familiar example of such as a dust cloud is the orion nebula. turbulence deep within these clouds gives rise to knots with sufficient mass that the gas and dust can begin to collapse under its own gravitational attraction. as the cloud collapses, the material at the center begins to heat up. known as a protostar, it is this hot core at the heart of the collapsing cloud that will one day become a star. three-dimensional computer models of star formation predict that the spinning clouds of collapsing gas and dust may break up into two or three blobs; this would explain why the majority the stars in the milky way are paired or in groups of multiple stars.therefor, i would say the answer is: dust and gases contract.i hope this ! < 3