Design a 4-bit counter ( until ) using t-ff and discuss 4 cases for the inputs (x, y) 2, a. if input 00 then the counter counts upward b. if input 01 then counter counts downward c. if input 10 then counter counts only odd numbers. d. if input 11 then counter counts only even numbers.

Carbon is allowed to diffuse through a steel plate 15 mm thick. the concentrations of carbon at the two faces are 0.65 and 0.30 kg c/m^3 fe, which are maintained constant. if the preexponential and activation energy are 6.2 x 10-7 m2 /s and 80,000 j/mol, respectively, compute the temperature at which the diffusion flux is 1.43 x 10^-9 kg/m^2 -s.

Avolcano erupts next to a grassland area in a valley. a. describe three ways in which material released by the volcano could impact the grassland area. b. describe three ways in which the grassland ecosystem could recover after a volcanic eruption.

A100-watt light bulb illuminates a solar cell. the electricity from the solar cell operates a water pump that delivers 1 watt of power. what is the efficiency of the system?