Arigid box containing one mole of air at temperature to (in k) is initially in thermal contact with an "infinite' heat-capacity reservoir" at the same temperat ure to. the box is removed from the reservoir and a cyclic engine is used to take some heat from the reservoir and put some into the air in the box. what is the minimum amount of work from to to ti? express w in terms of to, ti and the gas constant r, and state units. ignore vibrational degrees - of-freed om in the air molecules and the heat capacity of the container. would inclusion of vibrational degrees- of- freedom increase or reduce the value of w?

electromagnetic shielding is the practice of reducing the electromagnetic field in a space by blocking the field with barriers made of conductive or magnetic materials. shielding is typically applied to enclosures to isolate electrical devices from their surroundings, and to cables to isolate wires from the environment through which the cable runs. electromagnetic shielding that blocks radio frequency electromagnetic radiation is also known as rf shielding.

the shielding can reduce the coupling of radio waves, electromagnetic fields and electrostatic fields. a conductive enclosure used to block electrostatic fields is also known as a faraday cage. the amount of reduction depends very much upon the material used, its thickness, the size of the shielded volume and the frequency of the fields of interest and the size, shape and orientation of apertures in a shield to an incident electromagnetic

from wikipedia

the answer is 100. i just did this lesson and got a 100% on it. : )

-fishtank