The atomic radii of a divalent cation and a monovalent anion are 0.62 nm and 0.121 nm, respectively. (a) calculate the force of attraction between these two ions at their equilibrium interionic separation (i. e., when the ions just touch one another).

Abanked road comer of radius 146 m is to be constructed. if the comer is designed for vehicles moving with a speed of 20.0 m/s, what should the banking angle be, in units of degrees?

Alinearly polarized electromagnetic wave has an average intensity of 196 w/m^2. this wave is directed towards two ideal polarizers (in real polarizers, transmission is also effected by reflection and absorption). polarizer a is oriented with its transmission axis at an angle of θ_1=20.8∘ with the incident electric field. polarizer b has its axis at an angle of θ_2=63.0∘ with the incident electric field. what is the average intensity of the wave after it passes through polarizer a? what is the average intensity of the wave after it passes through polarizer b? suppose that the two polarizers a and b are interchanged. what would the average intensity be after passing through both polarizers?

Who was the first scientist to measure speed as distance over time?