What determines the period of a pendulum?

The length of the pendulum and the acceleration of gravity determine the period of a pendulum.

Explanation:

We all are familiar with the pendulum and its motion. The way it swings from its rest position to the left and right ends with specific amplitude.

A pendulum can be simply defined as an object hung of a static point with a bob connected to it through a string.

When the bob is raised to the either direction from its rest position, it swings back and forth because of the acceleration (g). A complete back and forth swing of a bob from its rest position in the pendulum is counted as one complete period of a pendulum.

This primarily depends on length and acceleration. For simple pendulums, formula to evaluate its period is,

Where,

L- length of the string from the static suspension point to the bob in the pendulum

g- Acceleration due to gravity = 9.8

what experimental evidence led scientists to change from the previous model to this one?

a few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.

the colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.

experiments with water vapor showed that elements combine in specific proportions.

cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.