12. taking the age of earth to be about 4×10^9 years and assuming its orbital radius of 1.5 ×10^11 m has not changed and is circular, calculate the approximate total distance earth has traveled since its birth (in a frame of reference stationary with respect to the sun).

Consider each of the electric- and magnetic-field orientations given next. in each case, what is the direction of propagation of the wave? a)\vec ein the +xdirection,\vec bin the +ydirection. choose+ x direction- x direction+ y direction- y direction+ z direction- z direction b)\vec ein the -y direction,\vec bin the +x choose+ x direction- x direction+ y direction- y direction+ z direction- z direction c)\vec ein the +z direction,\vec bin the -x direction. choose+ x direction- x direction+ y direction- y direction+ z direction- z direction d)\vec ein the +y direction,\vec bin the -z direction. choose+ x direction- x direction+ y direction- y direction+ z direction- z direction

Which is an advantage of subdividing science into different areas?

Is the vertical component of velocity ever zero?