Identify break down and define 10 medical terms related to the musculoskeletal system

1. Tendinitis
Tendin/ - refers to the tendon
/itis - means inflammation

Tendinitis is the inflammation of the tendon. It is usually caused by repetitive impact on the area that is affected and/or direct injury. 

2. Osteoporosis
Oste/o/ - refers to bones 
/porosis - means porous or a condition of pores.

Osteoporosis literally means porous bones. It is a disease where bones become fragile or weak because of the decreased bone density. It increases the risk of fracture. 

3. Arthritis
Arthr(o)/ - refers to joints
-itis - means inflammation

Arthritis is the inflammation of a joint or joints. Joints affected develop stiffness, pain, redness, and warmth. It can be caused by infection, metabolic problems and or constitutional causes. 

4. Osteocytes
Osteo/ - refers to the bone
cyte/s - Means cells. 

Osteocytes are also known as bone cells. It is the type of cell that can be found in bones that are fully formed. 

5. Costochondritis
Cost(o)/ - refers to the ribs.
chondr(o)/ - refers to cartilage
-itis - means inflammation

Costochondritis is the inflammation of the cartilage connected to the sternum and the ribs. It is also known as chest wall pain and the pain resembles the pain felt during a heart attack. 

6. Lordosis
Lord(o)/ -means curve/swayback
-osis - pertains to an abnormal condition

Lordosis is also known as swayback. This occurs when the spine curve is too far inward in the lumbar spine.

7. Myocytes
Myo/ -refers to the muscles
cyte/s - means cells. 

Myocytes are also known as muscle cells. They are the type of cells that make up tissues of the muscles. They are long and tubular in appearance. 

8. Myelocyte
Myelo/ -refers to the bone marrow or the spinal cord.
/cyte - means cell.

Myelocytes are bone marrow cells. They are motile and produce blood granulocytes (these are a kind of white blood cells). They occur in the bone marrow. 

9. Calcaneodynia
Calcane/o - refers to the heel bone
/dynia - pertains to pain

Calcaneodynia is a condition where there is pain when weight is put on the heel of the foot. 

10. Metacarpectomy
Metacarp(o)/ - refers to bones in the hand (Metacarpals) 
/ectomy - excision or removal.

Metacarpectomy is the surgical excision of one or more metacarpals. 

 

  sequence  is a continuous and distinctive band of  stars  that appears on plots of stellar  color  versus  brightness. these color-magnitude plots are known as  hertzsprung–russell diagramsafter their co-developers,  ejnar hertzsprungand  henry norris russell. stars on this band are known as  main-sequence stars  or  dwarf stars. these are the most numerous true stars in the universe, and include the earth's  sun.after condensation and ignition of a star, it generates  thermal energy  in its dense core region through  nuclear fusion  of  hydrogen  into  helium. during this stage of the star's lifetime, it is located on the main sequence at a position determined primarily by its mass, but also based upon its chemical composition and age. the cores of main-sequence stars are in  hydrostatic equilibrium, where outward thermal pressure from the hot core is balanced by the inward pressure of  gravitational collapse  from the overlying layers. the strong dependence of the rate of energy generation on temperature and pressure to sustain this balance. energy generated at the core makes its way to the surface and is radiated away at the  photosphere. the energy is carried by either  radiation  or  convection, with the latter occurring in regions with steeper temperature gradients, higher opacity or both.the main sequence is sometimes divided into upper and lower parts, based on the dominant process that a star uses to generate energy. stars below about 1.5 times the  mass of the sun  (1.5  m☉) primarily fuse hydrogen atoms together in a series of stages to form helium, a sequence called the  proton–proton chain. above this mass, in the upper main sequence, the nuclear fusion process mainly uses atoms of  carbon,  nitrogen  and  oxygen  as intermediaries in the  cno cycle  that produces helium from hydrogen atoms. main-sequence stars with more than two solar masses undergo convection in their core regions, which acts to stir up the newly created helium and maintain the proportion of fuel needed for fusion to occur. below this mass, stars have cores that are entirely radiative with convective zones near the surface. with decreasing stellar mass, the proportion of the star forming a convective envelope steadily increases. main-sequence stars below 0.4  m☉undergo convection throughout their mass. when core convection does not occur, a helium-rich core develops surrounded by an outer layer of hydrogen.in general, the more massive a star is, the shorter its lifespan on the main sequence. after the hydrogen fuel at the core has been consumed, the star  evolves  away from the main sequence on the hr diagram, into a  supergiant,  red giant, or directly to a  white dwarf.